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Lavender (chicken plumage)
Lavender or self-blue refers to a plumage color pattern in the chicken (''Gallus gallus domesticus'') characterized by a uniform, pale bluish grey color across all feathers. The distinctive color is caused by the action of an autosomal recessive gene, commonly designated as "''lav''", which reduces the expression of eumelanin and phaeomelanin so that black areas of the plumage appear pale grey instead, and red areas appear a pale buff.〔Crawford, Roy ''Poultry Breeding and Genetics'', Elsevier, 1990〕
==Description==
The "lavender" gene (''lav'') in the chicken causes the dilution of both black (eumelanin) and red/brown (phaeomelanin) pigments, so according to color background, dilution due to "lavender" gives a sort of plumage color patterns: On an extended black background, this condition causes the entire surface of the body an even shade of light slaty blue, which is the typical phenotype known as '"self-blue"'.
On a red/brown color plumage background, lavender gene degrades color to beige, like in some Pekin Bantams as in the picture set aside. On the color background of the Belgian Bearded d'Uccle Bantams, frequently referred to as the "Mille Fleur" in the United States,〔(The British Belgian Bantam Club )〕 lavender causes the pattern known as "porcelain". The resulting "porcelain" pattern is beige with each feather tipped with a V-shaped of slaty blue near the end of the feather and the feather tipped with a V-shaped white spangle.〔http://www.feathersite.com/Poultry/CGK/Millies/BRKMilleFleur.html BRK Mille Fleur in Feathersite.com〕
Light and electron microscope studies have revealed that, although lavender melanocytes possess relatively normal dendrite morphology, there is defective peripheral accumulation of melanosomes to the dendrites.〔Mayerson PL, Brumbaugh JA: Lavender, a chick melanocyte mutant with defective melanosome translocation: a possible role for 10 nm filaments and microfilaments but not microtubules. J Cell Sci 1981, 51:25-51.〕 This results in the patchy transfer of melanosomes into the keratinocytes of the growing feather. The dilution effect is essentially the result of a mixture of pigmented and unpigmented regions within the feather barbs.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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